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10 First aid

After a crash, check the scene is safe, then the casualty: consciousness, breathing, visible bleeding. Don't move them unless necessary; apply a pressure dressing to serious bleeding; calling emergency services is always the first step.

41

How to provide first aid in case of frostbite and over-freezing?

  1. A Rub the affected parts of the body with snow or a piece of wool, then heat, give alcohol, transport to a warm area.
  2. B Warm the affected parts of the body and immobilize them, cover the victim with warm clothes or a blanket, give a hot drink, transport to a warm area.
  3. C Apply ointment on the affected parts of the body, put a warming compress, transport to a warm area, give a hot drink.
42

In case of loss of consciousness, breathing or blood circulation, in what position will you lay the victim to give him/her first aid?

  1. A On his/her back by putting a pillow under his/her head
  2. B On his/herback with his/her her legs stretched
  3. C Give the victim a stable side position so that the bent knees touch the ground and the upper hand is under the cheek.
43

How long can the cord for stopping bleeding remain tied up?

  1. A No more than half an hour in hot weather and no more than an hour in cold weather
  2. B No more than 1 hour in hot weather and no more than half an hour in cold weather
  3. C The time for the cord tied is not limited
44

What are the signs of principal arterial bleeding and how does first aid for principal arterial bleeding begin?

  1. A Dark blood flows slowly out of the wound. A compression bandage is placed on the wound on which there is a note on the time of holding it on the wound.
  2. B Bright red blood flows from the wound, spouting strongly with intermittent flush or like a fountain. The injured artery should be squeezed with the fingers, then above the wound, as far as possible near the wound, a bleeding cord is placed, on which there is a note about the time for keeping it on.
  3. C Blood flows slowly from the wound. A bleeding cord is placed below the injury, with a note of time for keeping it on.
45

How to stop bleeding in case of venous and small artery injury?

  1. A Apply a pressure bandage to the injured area.
  2. B Apply a pressure bandage to the area above the wound.
  3. C Apply a pressure bandage to the inside of the wound.
46

How to determine if the unconscious person is breathing?

  1. A Grasp the victim's chin, tilt the head back, and follow the chest movement for 10 seconds.
  2. B Put one hand on the victim's forehead, raise the chin with two fingers of the other hand, tilt the head back and follow the breath for 10 seconds, trying to feel the exhaled air on your cheek and following the movement of the chest.
  3. C Without tilting the victim's head, it is necessary to bend over his/her face and follow his/her breath for 10 seconds, trying to feel the exhaled air on your cheek and following the movement of the chest.
47

Is it allowed to give medication to the victim during first aid?

  1. A Allowed
  2. B Allowed in case of extreme necessity
  3. C Prohibited
48

What are the first steps of first aid in case of injuries resulting from an accident?

  1. A Wash the wound with water, remove foreign bodies from the wound, put sterile cotton on the wound, fixing it with a bandage.
  2. B Wear medical gloves, clean the wound with an alcoholic solution of iodine, apply ointment, cover with adhesive tape.
  3. C Wear medical gloves, cover the wound with a sterile sanitary napkin without cleaning by fixing the edges with adhesive tape or bandage.
49

How is first aid for fractures of the limbs provided, if there are no braces and the means at hand to prepare make it?

  1. A The upper limb extends along the waist and is attached to the waist. The lower limbs are connected to each other by placing a soft cloth between them.
  2. B The upper limb, bent at the elbow joint, resting on a scarf, is attached to the waist. The lower limbs are connected to each other by placing a soft cloth between them.
  3. C The upper extremity, bent at the elbow joint, resting on a scarf, is attached to the waist. The lower limbs are connected with each other
50

What is the first aid for superficial heat burns (redness, swelling of the skin, blisters filled with transparent fluid at the burned surface, severe pain)?

  1. A Pour cold water on the burned surface, cover with a sterile napkin and bandage tightly.
  2. B Open the blisters, clean the burned surface from the remnants of clothes, cover with a sterile napkin (do not bandage), if possible put a cold matter and give the victim a drink
  3. C Freeze the burned surface with water for 20 minutes. Without opening the blisters, remove the remnants of clothing, cover the burned surface with a sterile cloth (do not bandage), if possible, put a cold matter and give the victim a drink.
51

In what cases should the victim be taken out of the car?

  1. A In the event of a car overturning, ignition, high probability of explosion or loss of consciousness of the victim.
  2. B In case of a car overturning, ignition, high probability of explosion or hyperfreezing of the victim, loss of consciousness and breathing, as well as in case of impossibility to provide first aid directly in the cabin.
  3. C In the event of a car overturning, ignition, high probability of explosion or severe bleeding, craniocerebral injury

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